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The growth and development of robotics will largely depend upon related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer technology. Analysts have identified the main trends on the market for an additional five years.

People usually overestimate the impact of the latest technology sooner and underestimate its impact ultimately.

But this doesn't negate the belief that the expert community, their state and business desire a roadmap for the progression of innovative industries later on.

The authors from the annual survey of the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the fundamental trends in this region as well as in the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that within the next 5 years could have the highest influence on the continuing development of robotics on the planet.

1. New materials

Even when we consider the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 roughly 3.5 thousand people per robot, and this ratio is unlikely to grow without radical modifications in the science of materials that robotics is made, the authors with the review are sure. They pay special attention to two promising materials:
gallium nitride (GaN), which can successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material from where you'll be able to produce actuators for robots, new batteries and much more.

2. New causes of energy, technologies for the collection and storage

Considering the amount of heat generated from the combustion of gasoline along with the human dependence on energy, it is possible to calculate that if everyone was eating gasoline, they'd merely have 150 g of fuel each day. In turn, electric motors are actually even less cost effective than an internal combustion engine. In order for robots as a way to take on humans inside their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are needed of their energy supply.

For example, this is actually the improvement of current lithium batteries, the creation of new batteries according to hydrogen, and the like. Also, we should not forget about alternative, renewable energy sources. Finally, a technology may be carried out recharge the robot remotely, for example, from energizes built into the ground or walls.

3. Interaction of sets of robots and people

These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots should have a channel of communication both with humans along with the other.

4. Navigation in extreme conditions

Robots should be aware what they're doing and where they're moving not only under normal human conditions, but additionally where people just cannot arrive: as an example, in high altitude climates or on the seabed.

In addition, situations is not excluded if the robot will remain completely without communication (for example, underground or perhaps the big event of the satellite breakdown). In this case, you should produce a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad plus Russia.

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The development of artificial intelligence is critical to produce truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the next several years, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development in this region:

enhancing the efficiency of employing neural networks by looking into making their architecture more complicated or reducing power consumption;

teaching algorithmic procedures rather than hard programming, that may simplify and, therefore, accelerate the whole process of acquiring skills through the machine;

mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;

improvement of motional actions of robots as a result of artificial intelligence technologies.

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6. Human-machine interaction

The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is around increasing productivity. That is, automation just isn't a finish in itself, but an instrument for increasing economic efficiency. The authors in the review tend to feel that the top result will probably be shown not by replacing people who have robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will establish in four main areas:

a robot as a power tool that repeats human capabilities (by way of example, exoskeletons and prostheses);

robot as a power tool that expands human capabilities;

an avatar robot, which is, a device remotely controlled by way of a part of hard-to-reach places;

social interaction using a person, including voice assistants and chat bots.

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7. Manipulation robotics

The authors in the Sberbank report think that within the next five years we are unlikely to determine a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), however the growth and development of software will increase the capabilities and reduce the costs of manipulation technology.

First of all, we're referring to improving the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing a thing, could have to inform the operator in more detail about its weight, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies could make it possible to program more complex trajectories of motion of manipulators.

8. Sensorics

One of the definitions in the concept of "robot", that the analysts of Sberbank abide by, says that it is a machine that is able to perceive the entire world around it by making use of sensors, process the signals received like this and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and increasing the capabilities of sensorics is one of the key trends inside the continuing development of robotics within the long term.

9. Robosimulators

Large numbers of data are expected to teach robots. To receive them, it is not necessary to construct a model of the robot - it sometimes may be economically unprofitable, often even dangerous for a person. Therefore, the amount of development of computer simulators of your robot will still only increase with the expansion of automation.

10. New drive

Fundamentally, the principles of developing drive mechanisms are unlikely to switch, but even here the authors in the review locate a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified in the first paragraph, these may be new motors and gearboxes.

11. Design and production

Again, this is primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the item design process.

At the production stage, the progress of robotics is going to be stimulated from the emergence of new materials, their lowering of price, along with the development of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, that can make it easier and faster to generate new machines.